These microorganisms play a vital role in fish development, immunity, digestion, and nutrition. Conversely, certain harmful bacteria can have detrimental effects.

An imbalance in the commensal microbiome (dysbiosis) can make aquatic animals more susceptible to infections. The gastrointestinal tract, as well as the skin, gills, and changes in the water environment, are the primary entry points for pathogenic microorganisms in aquatic animals.

Using the properties of Bacillus spp. for optimal biocontrol

Species of the bacterial genus Bacillus spp., which are spore-forming bacteria, are resistant to extreme physical and chemical conditions. They possess unique physiological characteristics that enable them to survive in a variety of environments, including freshwater, marine sediments, deserts, hot springs, Arctic soils, and the gastrointestinal tracts of fish and shrimp.

The use of Bacillus spp. The use of these bacteria as probiotics in feed or for biocontrol in aquaculture water is very promising for sustainable aquaculture. These bacteria can help maintain optimal water quality, reduce stress, improve immunological and physiological balance, promote better growth, and increase the survival rate of aquatic animals.

Adding a microbial solution containing selected strains of Bacillus spp. directly to the rearing water modulates the structure of the overall microbiota and helps prevent mortality or declines in zootechnical performance during a pathogen challenge (pathogenic bacteria, fungi, or viruses). The solution helps reduce the susceptibility of aquatic animals during their early life stages, when they are exposed to environmental changes, and under high pathogenic pressure.

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